Giancoli 7th Edition textbook cover
Giancoli's Physics: Principles with Applications, 7th Edition
31
Nuclear Energy; Effects and Uses of Radiation
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31-1: Nuclear Reactions, Transmutation
31-2: Nuclear Fission
31-3: Nuclear Fusion
31-5: Dosimetry
31-9: NMR

Question by Giancoli, Douglas C., Physics: Principles with Applications, 7th Ed., ©2014, Reprinted by permission of Pearson Education Inc., New York.
Problem 52
Q

Radon gas, 86222Rn{^{222}_{86}\textrm{Rn}}, is considered a serious health hazard (see discussion in text). It decays by α\alpha-emission.

  1. What is the daughter nucleus?
  2. Is the daughter nucleus stable or radioactive? If the latter, how does it decay, and what is its half-life? (See Fig. 30–11.)
  3. Is the daughter nucleus also a noble gas, or is it chemically reactive?
  4. Suppose 1.4 ng of 86222Rn{^{222}_{86}\textrm{Rn}} seeps into a basement. What will be its activity? If the basement is then sealed, what will be the activity 1 month later?
Decay series beginning with uranium-238. Nuclei in the series are specified by a dot representing A and Z values. Half-lives are given in seconds (s), minutes (min), hours (h), days (d), or years (yr). Note that a horizontal arrow represents beta decay, whereas a diagonal line represents alpha decay. For the four nuclides shown that can decay by both alpha and beta decay, the more prominent decay (in these four cases, > 99.9%) is shown as a solid arrow and the less common decay as a dashed arrow.
Figure 30-11 Decay series beginning with 92238U^{238}_{92}\textrm{U}. Nuclei in the series are specified by a dot representing AA and ZZ values. Half-lives are given in seconds (s), minutes (min), hours (h), days (d), or years (yr). Note that a horizontal arrow represents β\beta decay (AA does not change), whereas a diagonal line represents α\alpha decay (AA changes by 4, ZZ changes by 2). For the four nuclides shown that can decay by both α\alpha and β\beta decay, the more prominent decay (in these four cases, >99.9%) is shown as a solid arrow and the less common decay (<0.1%) as a dashed arrow.
A
  1. 84218Po{}_{84}^{218}Po
  2. α decay, with T12=3.1 min\alpha \textrm{ decay, with } T_{\frac{1}{2}} = 3.1 \textrm{ min} There is also a bit of β\beta decay.
  3. Chemically reactive. It's in the same group as Oxygen on the periodic table.
  4. initial: 8×106 Bq8 \times 10^6 \textrm{ Bq}, after one month: 3.2×104 Bq3.2 \times 10^4 \textrm{ Bq}
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